Monsanto was a major American agricultural biotechnology corporation founded in 1901, known for producing genetically engineered seeds and the glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup (https://www.epa.gov/enforcement/monsanto-company-fifra-settlement). Acquired by Bayer (https://www.bayer.com/media/en-us/monsanto-announces-roundup-class-settlement-agreement-to-resolve-current-and-future-claims/) in 2018 for $63 billion, its brand was phased out following decades of controversy over environmental damage, patent lawsuits against farmers, and health risks. [1, 2, 3, 4]
Key details:
• Products: Developed Roundup (glyphosate) and genetically modified (GMO) seeds (soy, corn, cotton).
• Controversies: Produced Agent Orange in the 1960s/70s. Faced extensive litigation linking Roundup to cancer, leading to billions in settlements.
• Market Position: Held a near-monopoly on seeds and agricultural chemicals, holding 90% of the genetically engineered seed market at its peak.
• Acquisition: Bought by Bayer in 2018; the Monsanto name was retired, though products remain in the portfolio. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
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